Static typing

Pros:

• Optimization
• Detects bugs earlier
• No need for custom code

Cons:

• Conservative
• Verbose

Dynamic typing

In dynamically typed languages, variables don’t have types.

Type associated with value.

Uses type tags

“down-cast”

Pros:

• No weird variable types
• Increased flexibility
• Easier to implement generics
• Simpler, fewer type annotations
• Faster prototyping

Cons: